Both Civil Engineering and Architecture are
involved in planning and designing structures.
However, Architecture focuses more on the spatial functionality and
aesthetics of the development work and is more concerned with the artistry,
look, feel and functionality of the design, while Civil Engineering
concentrates on the structural elements of the design, making certain
that the structure can endure normal and extreme conditions.
Steve Job's quote “What do we know
and What we have learnt? ”
Basis for development:
Man has been trying to protect himself from the attack of
wild animals and rigorous weathers.
For this he created his dwelling which kept on changing
with time and need. With the advancements in his intelligence
his desires for safety, comfort and luxury
increased which resulted in varied structure for various purposes.
Instinct of love give birth many monumental works. Taj Mahal
at Agra is one of them.
Coral castle or sculpture garden in stone can be spotted in
city of Miami in Florida. Coral castle tells the story about 28 years of
handiwork of a man for his lost love. The love sick man Edward Leedskalnin got
engaged to Agnes Scuffs when he was 26. Agnes Scuffs only aged 16 at that
time and she cancel the wedding just one day before official function. The
heartbroken Edward decided to built a monument for his lost love, that
which is today found as Coral Castle.
Death also responsible for many of architectural
construction. So many tomb and Pyramids are the example of this category monuments.
Factors influenced the construction:
- Topography.
- Building materials.
- Climate.
- Social structure and history.
Materials
were chosen based on availability and climate.
Wood was
readily available in China. Traditional Chinese wooden architecture changed
little over thousands of years.
Greece consists
almost entirely of limestone with many sources of fine marble. Therefore many Greek structures were
constructed with limestone and marble. Iktinos & Kallikrates
Consisted entirely of marble
1. View of the city of Machu Picchu
constructed from stone cut from the surrounding mountains. Machu Picchu is an Incan citadel set
high in the Andes Mountains in Peru, above the Urubamba River valley. Built in
the 15th century and later abandoned, it’s renowned for its sophisticated
dry-stone walls that fuse huge blocks without the use of mortar, intriguing
buildings that play on astronomical alignments, and panoramic views. Its exact
former use remains a mystery.
Ruins of
Babylon (present day Iraq). All that
remains of the famous city-state is a mound of broken mud-brick dwellings.
1.
Trabeated
(designed or constructed with horizontal beams or lintel).
·
The Precinct of Amun-Re, located near Luxor, Egypt, is one of the
four main temple enclosures that make up the immense Karnak Temple Complex.
The precinct is by far the largest of these and the only one that is open to
the general public. The temple complex is dedicated to the principal god of the
Theban
Triad, Amun, in
the form of Amun-Re.
2.
Arcuated (use of arch principal).
·
3.
Composite(arches, vaults and domes.
4.
Renaissance (15th century, Italy).
5.
Contemporary and Modern (rcc, steel, etc).
